CONTENTS: Introduction : Cryptogams;
UNIT-I: MICROBIOLOGY: 1. Diversity of Microbes : Introduction; 2. Viruses; Viroids and Prions 3. Bacteria : Structure and Reproduction; 4. Economic Importance of Bacteria; 5. Cyanobacteria; Actinomycetes; Mycoplasmas and Rickettsias 6. Distribution of Microorganisms in Nature; 7. Isolation and Cultivation of Microorganisms; 8. Infection and Immunity; 9. Applications of Microbiology; 10. Antibiotics; 11. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); 12. Plant Diseases: Introduction; 13. Important Plant Diseases; 14. Plant Diseases: Control;

UNIT-II: ALGAE: 1. Algae: General Characters; 2. Classification of Algae; 3. Cyanophyceae: General Characters and Classification; 4. Chroococcales: Gloeocapsa; Microcystis; 5. Nostocales: Oscillatoria; Spirulina; Nostoc; Scytonema; Gloeotrichia, Rivularia; 6. Chlorophyceae: General Characters and Classification; 7. Volvocales: Chlamydomonas; Volvox; 8. Chlorococcales: Chlorella, Hydrodictyon Scenedesmus; 9. Ulotrichales: Ulva; 10. Cladophorales: Cladophora; 11. Chaetophorales; Fritschiella, Coleochaete; 12. Oedogoniales: Oedogonium; 13. Conjugales: Zygnema; Cosmarium; 14. Siphonales: Codium; Vaucheria; 15. Charales: Chara; 16. Bacillariophyceae: General Characters and Classification; 17. Pennales: Navicula; 18. Phaeophyceae: General Characters and Classification; 19. Ectocarpales: Ectocarpus; 20. Fucales: Fucus; Sargassum; 21. Dictyotales: Dictyota; 22. Laminariales: Laminaria; 23. Rhodophyceae: General Characters and Classification; 24. Nemalionales : Batrachospermum; 25. Ceramiales : Polysiphonia; 26. Origin and Evolution of Sex in Algae; 27. Economic Importance of Algae;  28. Culturing of Algae; 29.   Professor M O P lyengar.

UNIT-III: FUNGI, AND PLANT PATHOLOGY:1. Fungi: General Characters; 2. Taxonomic Status and Classification of Fungi; 3. Myxomycetes: Psysarales: Physarum; 4. Chytridiomycetes: Chytridiales: Synchytrium; 5. Chytridiomycetes Blastocladiales: Allomyces; 6. Oomycetes: Saprolegniales: Achlya; Saprolegnia; 7. Peronosporales: Phytophthora; Pythium; Albugo; 8. Zygomycetes: Mucorales: Mucor; Rhizopus; 9. Ascomycotina Hemiascomycetes; Endomycetales: Saccharomyces; 10. Eurotiales: Aspergillus; Penicillium; 11. Erysiphales: Erysiphe; Sphaerotheca; Uncinula; 12. Sphaeriales: Neurospora; Claviceps; Xylaria; Chaetomium; 13. Pezizales: Peziza; Morchella; Ascobolus; 14. Basidiomycotina: Teliomycetes; Ustilaginales:  Ustilago; 15. Uredinales: Puccinia; 16. Agaricales: Agaricus; 17. Aphyllophorales: Polyporus; 18.  Gasteromycetes: Lycoperdales: Lycoperdon; 19.  Deuteromycotina Hypomycetes; Moniliales: Alternaria; Cercospora; Helminthosporium; Fusarium; 20. Melanoconiales: Colletotrichum; 21. Heterothallism in Fungi; 22. Parasexualilty;    23. Sex Hormones in Fungi; 24. Edible Fungi: Mushrooms and Their Cultivation; 25. Economic Importance of Fungi; 26. Lichens; 27. Prof. Karam Chand Mehta (1892-1950).

UNIT-IV BRYOPHYTA: 1. Bryophyta: General Characters and Classification; 2. Hepaticopsida: Marchantiales: Riccia; Marchantia; Plagiochasma; 3. Jungermanniales: Pellia; Porella; Frullania; 4. Anthocerotopsida Anthocerotales: Anthoceros; Notothylus; 5. Bryopsida (Musci or Mosses) Sphagnobrya: Sphagnum; 6. Bryidae (Eubrya): Funaria; Polytrichum; Pogonatum; 7. Evolution of Sporophyte in Bryophytes; 8. Vegetative Reproduction in Bryophytes; 9. Professor Shiv Ram Kashyap (1882-1934); Comparative-Study of Bryophytes;

UNIT-V PTERIDOPHYTA  WITH  PALAEOBOTANY: 1. Pteridophyta: General Characters; 2. Pteridophyta: Classification; 3. Palaeobotany and Geological Time Scale; 4. Fossilization and Types of Fossils; 5. Psilophytopsida: Psilophytales: Rhynia; Horneophyton; Astewxylon; 6. Psilotopsida: Psilotales: Psilotum; 7. Lycopsida: Lycopodiales: Lycopodium; 8. Lepidodendrales: Lepidodendron; 9. Isoetales: Isoetes; 10. Selaginellale: Selaginella; 11. Sphenopsida Calamitales: Calamites; 12. Sphenophyllales; Sphenophyllum; Sphenophyllostachys; 13. Equisetales: Equisetum; 14. Eusporangiatae Marattiales: Angiopteris; 15. Ophioglossales:  Ophioglossum; 16. Osmundales: Osmunda;17. Leptosporangiatae Filicales: Pteris; Dryopteris; Adiantum; Polypodium; Nephrolepis 18.  Marsileales: Marsilea; 19. Salviniales: Azolla; Salvinia; 20. Stelar System in Pteridophytes; 21. Heterospory and Seed Habit; 22. Apospory and Apogamy; 23. Telome Theory; 24. Prof. Birbal Sahni (1891-1949): Father of Indian Palaeobotany;

UNIT-VI GYMNOSPERMS: 1. Gymnosperms: General Characters and Affinities; 2. Gymnosperms: Classification and Distribution; 3. Pteridospermopsida Lyginopteris; Heterangium; Glossopteris; 4. Cycadeoidopsida (Bennettiopsida) Cycadeoidales : Ptilophyllum; Williamsonia; Cycadeoidea; 5. Cycadales: Cycas; 6. Coniferales: Pinus; 7. Taxales: Taxus;  8.  Ephedrales:  Ephedra;  9.  Gnetales:  Gnetum